diseases definition

A viral disease of infants and young children with sudden onset of high fever which lasts several days and then suddenly subsides leaving in its wake a fine red rash. The causative agent is herpes virus type 6 so the disease is known as Sixth Disease. Also known as Exanthem subitum (sudden rash), Pseudorubella, Roseola, Roseola infantilis, and Roseola infantum.

(12 Dec )

Obesity increases the risk of developing a number of diseases including: Type 2 (adult-onset) diabetes High blood pressure (hypertension) Stroke (cerebrovascular accident or CVA) Heart attack (myocardial infarction or MI) Heart failure (congestive heart failure) Cancer (only certain forms such as prostate and colon cancer) Gallstones and gall bladder disease (cholecystitis) Gout and gouty arthritis Osteoarthritis (degenerative arthritis) of the knees, hips, and the lower back Sleep apnoea (failure to breath normally during sleep, lowering blood oxygen) Pickwickian syndrome (obesity, red face, underventilation, and drowsiness).

(12 Dec )

Genetic disorders that are caused by the combined action of more than one gene. Examples of polygenic conditions include hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and peptic ulcers. Because such disorders depend on the simultaneous presence of several genes, they are not inherited as simply as single-gene diseases.

(12 Dec )

The infectious diseases caused by the rickettsiae fall into 4 groups:(1) typhus: epidemic typhus, Brill-Zinsser disease, murine (endemic) typhus, and scrub typhus; (2) spotted fever Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Eastern tick-borne rickettsioses, and rickettsialpox; (3) Q fever; and (4) trench fever.

(12 Dec )

Hereditary disorders caused by a change (mutation) in a single gene. There are thousands of single-gene diseases including achondroplastic dwarfism, Huntington's disease, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and haemophilia. Single-gene diseases typically describe classic simple Mendelian patterns of inheritance (as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked traits) by comparison with polygenic diseases.

(12 Dec )

See Disease, polycystic ovarian.

(12 Dec )

Also known as systemic-onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and systemic-onset juvenile chronic arthritis. Still's disease presents with systemic (bodywide) illness including high intermittent fever, a salmon-coloured skin rash, swollen lymph glands, enlargement of the liver and spleen, and inflammation of the lungs (pleuritis) and around the heart (pericarditis). The arthritis may not be immediately apparent but it persists after the systemic symptoms are gone. Disease, Still's, adult-onset: Although Still's disease was first described in children, it is known to occur in adults.

(12 Dec )

An illness that stays below the surface of clinical detection. A subclinical disease has no recognizable clinical findings. As distinct from a clinical disease which has clinical signs and symptoms that can be recognised. Many diseases are subclinical before surfacing as clinical diseases. For examples: diabetes, hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis.

(12 Dec )

A constitution or condition of the body which makes the tissues react in special ways to certain extrinsic stimuli and thus tends to make the individual more than usually susceptible to certain diseases.

(12 Dec )