A republic in eastern africa, south of egypt and west of ethiopia. Its capital is khartoum. It was under egypt 1820-82, then jointly administered by egypt and great britain after 1899 as the anglo-egyptian sudan. It gained independence in 1956. The name is of arabic origin, balad as-sudan: bal (land) + al (as) (the) + sudan (black), the land of the blacks, the name given originally by arabian travelers.

(12 Dec 1998)

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